Originality, Plagiarism, and Similarity Policy

All submitted abstracts may undergo plagiarism or text-similarity screening before acceptance.

The general editorial requirement is a similarity index below 20%. However, the similarity score alone does not determine whether plagiarism has occurred. The Editorial Office considers the source, context, extent, and nature of matching text.

Plagiarism includes copying text, ideas, data, images, or other material without appropriate acknowledgment; presenting another person's work as one's own; and reusing previously published material without appropriate attribution or disclosure.

Authors must ensure that their submissions are original or that previously published material is properly acknowledged. Submissions may be returned for correction, subjected to further investigation, or rejected where plagiarism or inappropriate text reuse is identified. Serious cases may lead to post-publication action or referral to the relevant institution, where appropriate.