Conflict of Interest Policy

Authors, Guest Editors, reviewers, and editorial personnel must disclose financial, professional, institutional, personal, or other relationships that could influence, or reasonably appear to influence, their work or editorial decisions.

Potential conflicts include employment, consultancy, research grants, patents, commercial interests, personal relationships, and competing institutional affiliations.

Where no conflict exists, authors may use the following statement:

“The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.”

Guest Editors and reviewers must disclose relevant conflicts and should not participate in decisions where their impartiality may reasonably be questioned.